Linux commands and tricks

Just Commands:
sleep X - sleeps for X seconds
chroot - root to selected dir
slocate - find file from database suppressing all permission warnings.
which - shows where specified program is located in PATH
w - show who is logged on and what they are doing
tput - change cursor location, colour, text format.


Change last entered command:
^what_to_change^how_change - changes last entered command.
$:man bash
$:^ba^c ( that will give - man csh )

Changing default shell:
/etc/passwd holds starting shells for each user on machine.

Auto Mounting:
/etc/fstab holds all devices that should be mounted automatically.

/dev/sda3 /win ntfs defaults 0 0

Script commands:
enable - execute program
source - include other file to current script


Switching workspace in command line:

GNOME DESKTOP

• [ program wmctrl needed ] ( yum install wmctrl )
  
• wmctrl -s desktopNum

Restoring GRUB loader:

Restoring GRUB:

• Boot from live CD(say knoppix)
• mount /dev/sda1 /media/sda1
  (mount system)
• chroot /media/sda1
• grub-install /dev/sda
  ( or /dev/sdaNUM, where NUM is partition )

OR

• mount /dev/sda1 /
  (mount system)
• grub
  ( opens grub terminal )
• find /boot/grub/stage1
  ( shows partitions where grub is installed )
• root (hd0,partNum)
  ( partNum you can get from previous command, hd0 - means first hard disk, hd1 will be second.. )
• setup (hd0)
  ( if grub has to be installed to MBR. Or [ setup (hd0,partNum) ] - installs GRUB to linux root partition)